Timeline (Guardians)

560 - 500 B.C.

• 560 - Amel-Marduk survives a coup instigated by his brother-in-law.
• 556 - End of the Jewish Exodus and return of the Jews to Israel and Judah.
• 553 - Cyrus of Persia begins a revolt against the Median Empire, starting the Persian-Median Wars.
• 551 - Confucius is born in China. 
• 550 - Cyrus the Persian defeats Astyages at the Battle of Pasargadae.
• 549 - A joint Median-Babylonian force is defeated by the Persian Army at Bisitun.
• 546 - Taking advantage of the war between Persia and Media, Lydia advances into Eastern Anatolia. 
• 545 - Babylon defeats Persia at the Battle of Opis.
• 543 - A joint Babylonian-Median force defeats the Persians at Susa.
• 542 - A peace treaty ends the Persian-Median Wars.
• 541 - After the Persian-Median War and general bad management from the ruling kings of Babylon, the Babylonian Empire collapses into civil war. Several successor states arise from the ashes. 
• 540 - Judea re-establishes its independence. Phoenicia does the same shortly afterwards. 
• 539 - Persia conquers a weak and war weary Media. 
• 537 - Persia conquers the Mesopotamian states one by one. 
• 535 - Persia and Lydia fight each other to a standstill, prompting Persia to expand south and east and Lydia to expand west.
• 533 - Jewish forces defeat an Egyptian invasion at the battle of Gaza.
• 530 - Persia conquers Phoenicia and subjugates the Arabs at the Battle of the Sinai. 
• 528 - Siddhartha Gautama achieves Enlightenment as the Buddha, and starts his ministry. 
• 527 - Judea falls to the Persians after considerable resistance. 
• 526 - Lydia pushes into Europe, exerting influence over Thrace and Macedonia. 
• 525 - Egypt falls to the Persians after being weakened by court intrigue and general public malaise.
• 512 - Persia subjugates the eastern Berber tribes and Libya, reaching its greatest extent and farthest extent west. 
• 510 - End of the Kingdom of Rome and beginning of the Republic of Rome. 
• 508 - Foundation of Democracy in Athens. 
• 506 - The State of Wu defeats the State of Chu at the Battle of Boju, thus initiating the Warring States Period. 
• 503 - Civil war breaks out between King Helü of Wu and his general Sun Wu. 
• 501 - Sun Wu defeats Helü at the Battle of Qufu, deposing the Zhou dynasty and declaring himself Sun Shi Huangdi of the Kǎi dynasty. 

500 - 400 B.C.

• 499 - The Greek cities of Asia Minor revolt against the Lydian Empire, starting the Greco-Lydian Wars. 
• 496 - Chinese Emperor Sun Shi Huangdi dies and is succeeded by his son Sun Yang Huangdi. 
• 490 - The Athenians defeat the Lydians at the Battle of Marathon. 
• 486 - The First Buddhist Council takes place, setting the stage for Buddhist theology. 
• 483 - The Buddha dies. 
• 480 - The Lydians are decisively crushed at the Battle of Thermopolyae driving them out of Greece. Lydia withdraws from Macedonia. 
• 480 - The Carthaginians are beaten by the Greeks in the Battle of Himera. 
• 479 - Chinese philosopher Confucius dies. 
• 479 - Athenian forces defeat the Lydians at the Battle of Mycale, liberating Ionia and forcing the Lydians from the Hellesponte. This is considered the beginning of the Athenian Hegemony. 
• 465 - The Persians under King Xerxes I invade Lydia, sparking a decade-long war. 
• 464 - An earthquake devastates Sparta, causing a slave revolt that Athens supports. The incident is a major flash point between the growing rivals. 
• 461 - Xerxes I is killed in the Battle of Thymbra against the Lydians, forcing the Persians to withdraw from their Anatolian expedition.
• 461 - Cyrene secedes from the Persian Empire.  
• 460 - Athenian forces subjugate Cyprus. 
• 460 - Open rebellion in Egypt against Persia erupts. The Egyptian leader, Inaros, asks for Athenian aid, which is provided. 
• 460 - War is declared between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies. 
• 460 - Artaxerxes defeats a significant challenge to his rule, restoring the Achaemenids to full power. 
• 459 - Inaros, aided by Athens, is successful in defeating Persian attempts at reconquering Egypt. 
• 459 - Psammuthes defeats Inaros and Amenirdisu in the Battle of the Three Pharaohs, securing Egypt for himself and establishing the 28th Dynasty, centered in Memphis. 
• 458 - Cincinnatus becomes dictator of the Roman Republic in order to defend it from its foes. After his victory he resigns his position and returns to his farm. 
• 457 - Inaros invades Egypt with his Libyan army. After several battles his army mutinies and Inaros is executed. 
• 445 - End of the first stage of the Peloponnesian Wars, followed by a thirty year truce between the participants. 
• c. Late 450s to early 440s - Significant revolts break out in the western areas of the Persian Empire. These revolts are eventually put down but take considerable time to do so. 
• 419 - Nubia initiates war with Egypt by invading. The war is unsuccessful and Egypt repels the invasion.
• 415 - The second stage of the Peloponnesian War begins with the resumption of war between Athens and Sparta. 
• 404 - The Peloponnesian War ends with the defeat of the Athenian Hegemony and a temporary end to democracy in Athens. 
• c. 403 - The Zapotecs defeat the Olmecs at the Battle of Manatl, forcing the once mighty Olmecs into vassalage. 
• 401 - Cyrus the Younger leads a revolt against his father Artaxerxes II but fails, resulting in his death. 
• 400 - The death of Cyrus ensures his Greek mercenaries have to fight all the way back to Greece, which they manage to accomplish. The feat astounds the Persians and the Greeks both. 

400 - 300 B.C. 

• 396 - Rome conquers the city of Veii. 
• 395 - War breaks out between Sparta and Corinth, Athens, Argos, and Thebes, beginning the Corinthian War. 
• 390 - The Gallic tribe known as the Senones begins its migration south into Italy, allegedly to serve as mercenaries. The Romans are barely able to defeat them at the Battle of the Allia. 
• 387 - The Corinthian War ends with a victory for Sparta. 
• 383 - Sparta establishes a pro-Spartan government within the city-state of Thebes. 
• 379 - The Thebans drive out the pro-Spartan government and restore the democratic Boeothian League. 
• 371 - Thebes defeats Sparta at the Battle of Leuctra, replacing Sparta as the dominant Greek city-state. 
• 369 - Athens and Sparta form an alliance against Thebes. 
• 366 - Thebes makes peace with Sparta and begins preparing for war with Athens. 
• 363 - Epaminondas launches his campaign against the maritime states allied with Athens.
• 362 - Sparta declares war on Thebes. Epaminondas defeats Athens and Sparta at the Battle of Mantinea but dies in the process. Peace is established in Greece but no city-state has a hegemonic level of power any longer. 
• 360 - Rome defeats another Gallic invasion. 
• 359 - Philip II comes to power as King of Macedonia. 
• 358 - Rome re-establishes its control over the Latin League. 
• 350 - Rome defeats another Gallic invasion with the assistance of the Samnites. 
• 345 - Fall of the Kingdom of Magadha and the rise of the Nanda Empire in its place. 
• 343 - The city of Capua requests Roman aid in beating back the Samnites, spreading Roman control south. 
• 340 - The outbreak of the Latin War, between Rome and the Samnites against the various Latin city-states. 
• 338 - The conclusion of the Latin War. The Latin League is dissolved and many of the city-states are annexed by Rome. 
• 338 - Philip II defeats the Athenians and Thebans at the Battle of Chaeronea, becoming the most powerful man in all of Greece. 
• 337 - Philip II forms the League of Corinth to solidify his dominion over Greece and to prepare a force to invade Lydia. 
• 336 - Philip II is assassinated and his son Alexander III succeeds him to the throne. Alexander puts the plans to invade Lydia on hold and focuses on the other Greek states. 
• 336 - Alexander the Great defeats a revolt by Thracians and Illyrians. 
• 335 - Athens and Thebes revolt against Alexander and are promptly defeated. Sparta declares war on Alexander. 
• 335 - Alexander defeats Sparta at the Battle of Tegea. 
• 335 - Alexander conquers Crete. 
• 334 - Alexander conquers Syracuse, becoming Hegemon of the Greeks. 
• 334 - Alexander conquers Lydia after defeating the Lydians at the Second Battle of Thymbra. 
• 334 - Alexander and his army defeats the Persians at the Battle of Issus, entering Syria. 
• 332 - Alexander defeats the Persians at the Battle of Gaugamela, entering Persia. 
• 330 - The Persian heartland has been conquered by Alexander by this point. 
• 329 - Alexander reaches his farthest point east, in Bactria and Sogdia. 
• 327 - Alexander and his army return to Babylon. 
• 327 - The Samnites capture the city of Neapolis, only to be evicted by the Romans shortly afterward. 
• 326 - The Second Samnite War begins between Rome and the Samnites. 
• 326 - Alexander's horse Bucephalus dies while Alexander is ill. Alexander founds the city of Bucephala on the Orontes River in his honor. 
• 324 - Alexander conquers Egypt, founding the 29th Dynasty, and establishes the city of Alexandria in the Nile Delta. 
• 323 - Alexander conquers the Sinai and the Nabataean Kingdom. 
• 322 - Alexander the Great dies in Bucephala. Most ancient sources point to illness as the cause of death, while a few mention the possibility of poison. Seleucus carries out his campaign in India, achieving limited success past the Indus River.  
• 320 - Maurya defeats the Nanda Empire and establishes his Maurya Empire in its place. 
• 320 - Perdiccas, the regent of the Alexandrian Empire for Alexander's son Alexander IV, is assassinated. The empire fragments amongst Alexander's generals follows soon afterward. Roxana and her two children flee to Macedonia. 
• 316 - Emperor Sun Bin is assassinated by his general Pang Juan, ending the Kǎi Dynasty and giving rise to the Xin Dynasty. 
• 316 - Carthaginian King Bomilcar defeats the Greeks in the Battle of the Himera River, conquering the island of Sicily.
• 314 - A revolt in Sicily is crushed by the Carthaginians, who tear down the walls of Syracuse. 
• 313 - Aeascides of Epirus dies and is succeeded by his brother Alexander, who acts as regent for Aeascides' son Pyrrhus. 
• 309 - Malchus II is murdered by the Carthaginian state council, who install Hasdrubal Barca in his place. 
• 305 - Seleucus launches his second invasion of India.
• 304 - End of the Second Samnite War, effectively in a draw. 
• 303 - Maurya and Seleucus enter into an alliance, providing the Seleucids with war elephants and the Maurya with the Indus Valley and portions of Bactria. 
• 302 - Pyrrhus of Epirus takes the throne and prepares to invade Macedonia to reunite Alexander's Empire. 
• 301 - Establishment of the Xin Dynasty of China by the Ying family. 

300 - 200 B.C. 

• 299 - Pyrrhus invades Macedonia, part of the Antigonid realm. 
• 298 - The Antigonids are driven from Macedonia and most of Thrace by Pyrrhus. Much of Greece is also conquered.
• 298 - Start of the Third Samnite War between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, Etruscans and Umbrians.
• 290 - Concerned with Alexander IV's rising power, Pyrrhus departs from Athens to invade Ptolemaic Egypt. 
• 290 - Roman victory in the Third Samnite War, Samnium and Umbria annexed. 
• 285 - Pyrrhus drives the Ptolemaic forces from Egypt and installs Alexander IV as his puppet. This ultimately fails, and Alexander IV asserts his independence upon Pyrrhus' death. 
• 281 - A group of migrating Celts led by a chieftain named Brennus is defeated by Pyrrhus. 
• 281 - Battle of Dioclea, the same group of Celts is destroyed by a coalition of the Attalids, Antigonids, and Ptolemy, preventing them from settling in Central Anatolia.
• 280 - Pyrrhus arrives in southern Italy to defend them against the Romans and Carthaginians, after the Greek cities there threatened to rebel against Aeacid authority if he did not. 
• 280 - Rome and Carthage enter into an alliance to protect their domains from Pyrrhus. 
• 278 - Pyrrhus reclaims Syracuse from the Carthaginians. 
• 276 - The Pharos of Alexandria, put on hold during the Aeacid invasion of Egypt, is completed. 
• 275 - Battle of Kroton, Pyrrhus is forced to withdraw from Italy after suffering huge casualties. 
• 272 - The last independent Greek city in Southern Italy, Taras, falls to the Romans. 
• 271 - Southern Greece erupts into revolt against Epirote control. 
• 270 - Pyrrhus lays siege to Sparta. 
• 270 - Battle of Thyrea, Pyrrhus defeats a coalition of Spartans, Athenians, Corinthians, and Argives, but dies shortly after as a result of his wounds. 
• 268 - Start of the Sicilian War between Rome and Carthage. 
• 262 - Battle of Agrigentum, Romans gain the upper hand in the Sicily War. 
• 260 - End of the Sicily War between Rome and Carthage, annexation of Sicily by Rome. 
• c. 250 - The Chavin Culture of Peru has died out by this time. 
• 240 - Outbreak of the Mercenary War between Carthage and its former mercenary army. Corsica and Sardinia are seized by Rome. 
• 238 - Defeat of the mercenaries by Carthage's new semi-professional army. 
• 238 - Conquest of Parthia by the Parni tribal coalition, establishing the Arsacid dynasty. 
• c. 230 - Sabaea takes control over Najran, pushing north. 
• 218 - Start of the Punic War between Rome and Carthage, over disputed influence in Spain. 
• 217 - Hannibal crosses the Alps and arrives in Northern Italy. 
• 216 - Carthage and Epirus form an alliance to oppose Rome. Rome makes alliances with the Antigonids and the Argolid Hegemony in response. 
• 213 - The last Emperor of the Xin Dynasty, Ying Ziying, outlaws the philosophical practice of Confucianism and arrests some of its prominent adherents, fearful of their influence within Chinese society. 
• 209 - Start of the Dazexiang Rebellion against the Xin Dynasty. 
• 207 - Epirus is conquered and divided between the Hegemony, the Antigonids, and Rome. 
• 206 - Rome completes its conquest of Carthaginian Spain. 
• 202 - Battle of Zama, Hannibal is defeated by Scipio Africanus, end of the Punic War. 
• 201 - Scipio Africanus is made Consul-for-Life, acting as a powerbroker within the Roman Senate. 

200 - 100 B.C.

• 200 - Defeat of the Sakas by the Yuezhi, forcing the Sakas to migrate further south.
• 200 - Arsacid conquest of Ecbatana and Media, end of the Seleucid realm. 
• c. 200 - First constructions at Teotihuacan, believed start of the Totonac Dynasty of the Teotihuacano Empire. 
• 197 - Fall of the Xin dynasty, succeeded by the Qiang dynasty in China. 
• 187 - Collapse of the Maurya dynasty in India and its division into three successor states. 
• 183 - Scipio Africanus dies. 
• 181 - Artumparus defeats the Attalids at the Battle of Malos, saving Cappadocia from Greek dominion.
• 167 - Jewish riots occur in Jerusalem at the instigation of local priest Mattathias over Ptolomaic demands to worship the Greek pantheon. 
• 166 - Under Judah Maccabee, Jewish forces drive the Ptolomies from Judea, establishing a new kingdom. 
• 163 - The Greek pretender Timarchus seizes control of Mesopotamia from the Ptolemies, beginning a civil war. 
• 159 - Start of the Second Punic War between Rome and Carthage. 
• 158 - The Cappadocians are victorious at the Battle of Antiokheia, pushing south. 
• 158 - Timarchus is assassinated by the Ptolemies, returning Mesopotamia to them. 
• 157 - The city of Carthage falls to Rome, ending the Second Punic War. 
• 155 - The start of the Lusitanian War, with Lusitanian rebellions against Roman authority. 
• 155 - The Ius Punici and Ius Graeci are passed by the Roman Senate, giving limited citizenship to parts of Carthaginian and Greek society in the form of property, marriage, and legal rights.
• 154 - The start of the Numantian War in Hispania. 
• 151 - The Antigonid realm in Macedonia is annexed by Rome after the Battle of Pydna.
• 147 - Roman forces defeat the Argolids at the Battle of Copae, pushing into southern Greece. 
• 146 - Roman victory at the Battle of Tenea, fall of the Argolid Hegemony and all of mainland Greece to Rome. 
• 140 - The Great Southern Campaigns of the Qiang dynasty, conquering much of what is now southern China and northern Vietnam. 
• 139 - Scipio Aemilianus dies. 
• 133 - Tiberius Gracchus is assassinated. 
• 133 - End of the Numantian War with a Roman victory. 
• 121 - Marcus Gracchus is assassinated. 
• 121 - Roman forces conquer the Greek city of Messalia and push into Transalpine Gaul.
• 113 - The Cimbri and Teutones cross the Danube River, beginning the Cimbrian War against Rome. 
• 108 - The Qiang dynasty conquers what is now northern Korea. 
• 107 - Roman Consul Gaius Marius passes the Marian Reforms, drastically reforming the Roman military. 
• 104 - War of the Heavenly Horses begins as China pushes into nomadic territories and Tocharian city-states. 
• 101 - Victory of the Qiang Chinese in the War of the Heavenly Horses.
• 101 - Victory of the Romans in the Cimbrian War with the annihilation of the Cimbri and Teutones tribes. 
• 100 - The Roxolani invade the Taurican Peninsula under their king Tasius, settling much of the countryside.

100 - 1 B.C.

• 91 - Start of the Social War in Italy. 
• 89 - Start of the Cappadocian Wars as Cappadocia invades the final cities of the Attalids, an ally of Rome. 
• 88 - End of the Social War and the institution of rights for local Italian allies of Rome. 
• 88 - The first of the Republican Civil Wars known as the Sullan War, as Sulla marches his forces against those of Marius in Rome.
• 88 - Tigranes the Great of Armenia launches his campaign against the Parthians, conquering the northern regions of Mesopotamia and Media. 
• 85 - Aretas III of Nabataea seizes Damascus from the crumbling Ptolemaic Kingdom. 
• 84 - End of the First Cappadocian War with a Roman victory and the establishment of the Roman provinces of Ionia, Caria, and Lycia. 
• 83 - Armenia under Tigranes the Great invades the Ptolemaic Kingdom, leaving the Argeads of Egypt as the last Diadochi state. 
• 81 - End of the Sullan War and the consolidation of Sulla as Dictator-for-Life.
• 80 - Argead King Alexander VII murders his popular mother and is lynched to death in Alexandria; he is succeeded by his infant son Alexander VIII, who develops little interest in anything but art. 
• 79 - Sulla resigns his position and retires to his villa. 
• 78 - Sulla dies a natural death. 
• 76 - Aretas III pushes the Nabataean Kingdom south with successful campaigns past the city of Hegra. 
• 74 - Start of the Second Cappadocian War due to political intrigue between Rome and Cappadocia. 
• 64 - End of the Second Cappadocian War with Roman expansion into Bithynia, Phrygia, Paphlagonia, Pisidia, Lycaonia, Cilicia, and Syria.
• 62 - Nabataea becomes a client state of Rome.
• 60 - Secret formation of the Roman Triumvirate between Julius Caesar, Licinius Crassus, and Pompeius Magnus.
• 60 - Alexander VIII is assassinated by an unknown assailant. 
• 59 - Former Roman provinces in Anatolia are consolidated into the provinces of Ionia Graecia and Anatolia following local revolts. 
• 58 - At the behest of the Senate, Julius Caesar intervenes in the Argead Civil War, overthrowing the unpopular and incapable child Alexander IX and installing his older sister Cleopatra to the throne. Egypt is now effectively a client state of Rome.
• 58 - Birth of Caesarion, son of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra. 
• 58 - Following his successful victory in Egypt, Caesar is chosen to lead the conquest of Gaul, beginning the Gallic Wars. 
• 52 - At Caesar's bequest, Caesarion is sent to study Roman culture and government. 
• 52 - Effective end of the Gallic Wars, leading to Gaul's annexation into the Roman Republic. 
• 52 - Crassus is victorious at the Battle of Carrhae, looting the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon and capturing northern Mesopotamia for the Roman Republic. 
• 49 - Under the influence of Pompey, the Senate orders both Crassus and Caesar to leave their armies and return to Rome. Suspecting treachery they both refuse, leading the Triumvirate Civil War. 
• 49 - Caesar crosses the Rubicon River and marches on Rome, taking the city as Pompey's supporters flee to Greece. 
• 48 - Start and end of the Third Cappadocian War, establishing Cappadocia, Bosphorus and Armenia as client states of Rome. 
• 47 - Pompey defeats Crassus, leading to his defeat and the transfer of Syria and Mesopotamia to Pompey's sphere of influence. Crassus commits suicide.
• 46 - Caesar defeats Pompey in Greece, establishing Caesar as the principal player in Roman politics. Pompey also commits suicide. 
• 43 - End of the Tripartite Civil War as small holdouts of pro-Pompey forces are defeated in Spain and Anatolia.
• 42 - Julius Caesar is assassinated soon after taking the titles of Consul-for-Life and Dictator-for-Life.
• 42 - Caesarion, now a young man, travels to Rome and learns that he is the sole heir in Caesar's will and earns the loyalty of Caesar's legions. 
• 40 - Caesarion defeats the last of Caesar's assassins, leaving him the strongest man in Rome at the age of eighteen. 
• 38 - Caesarion integrates his birth realm of Egypt into the Republic. 
• 37 - Judea becomes a client state of Rome. 
• 36 - First dated depiction of the number zero in Anahuac, in the Yucatan region. 
• 35 - Caesarion is granted permission from the Senate to use the names of "Augustus" and "Princeps". Taking these names and titles he styles himself as Imperator Caesar, establishing the Roman Empire. 
• 34 - A disastrous military defeat for Rome during another attempted invasion of Parthia at the Battle of Tagrit. 
• 25 - Roman campaigns in Nubia reduce the Kingdom of Kush into a Roman client state. 
• 24 - First Roman campaign in Arabia Felix, establishing the client state of Sabaea. 
• 1 - Widely believed and traditional year of Jesus Christ's birth. 

1 - 100 A.D. 

• 5 - Caesarion Augustus dies a natural death and is succeeded by his son Regulus.
• 6 - Emperor Regulus orders that the entire Roman Empire be registered by census. 
• 9 - The disastrous defeat and annihilation of three Roman legions at the Battle of the Teuteberg Forest, ending Roman hopes of conquering Germania. 
• 27 - Regulus dies and his son Gaius, better known as Caligula, becomes Roman Emperor. 
• 29 - Traditional year that Jesus begins his ministry. 
• 33 - Traditional year of Jesus' crucifixtion. 
• 37 - Cappadocia and Judea are annexed by Rome. 
• 40 - Start of Roman campaigns to conquer Britain. 
• 40 - Revolt of the Trung Sisters in northern Vietnam against the Qiang Dynasty. 
• 43 - End of the Trung Sisters rebellion as Chinese forces regain control. 
• 50 - Christian Council of Jerusalem, separating the faith from traditional Judaism. 
• 51 - Caligula passes away from an illness, leaving the throne to his child son Sextus. 
• 53 - Sextus is smothered by Otho, beginning the Turmoil in the Roman Empire. 
• 53 - Roman governor Sergius Fidenas defeats his rivals and ends the Republican Conspiracy, ending the Turmoil and taking the throne for himself, establishing the Sergian Dynasty. 
• 60 - The revolt of the Britons, led by the Iceni queen Boudicia, is defeated by the Romans at great cost. 
• 64 - Great Fire of Rome. In addition to compensating those affected, Fidenas begins planning the construction of a large palace on the cleared ground. 
• 66 - Start of the Roman-Jewish War. 
• 71 - Fidenas passes away, leaving the throne to his son Lucius. 
• 73 - The final Jewish holdouts are defeated, ending the Roman-Jewish War. 
• 78 - Ascension of Emperor Huan of the Qiang Dynasty. 
• 79 - Eruption of Mount Vesuvius and the destruction of Pompeii and Herculaneum.
• 80 - The Sergian Amphitheatre is completed. 
• 80 - Jewish Council of Jamnia, finalizing the Judaic canon and formally renouncing Christians as members of the faith. 
• 82 - First Roman invasion of Hibernia, which ultimately ends inconclusively. 
• 84 - Emperor Lucius dies, leaving the throne to his brother Caius. 
• 94 - Emperor Caius passes away, leaving the throne to his young nephew Gnaeus. 
• 99 - All of Korea is under Qiang Chinese rule as the commandary of Lelang.
• c. 100 -  Completion of the Pyramid of the Sun complex in Teotihuacan. 
• 100 - Start of Gnaeus' Dacian Campaign. 

100 - 200 A.D. 

• 105 - Conclusion of the Dacian War and the annexation of the country to the Roman Empire.
• 110 - Rome's remaining client states (Nabataea, Sabaea, Kush, and Armenia) are annexed by order of the Emperor. 
• 113 - Battle of Massice; Roman forces decimate the Arsacid Persian military, seizing control of southern Mesopotamia and the capital of Ctesiphon. 
• 114 - Ecbatana falls to the Romans. 
• 117 - Emperor Gnaeus and his forces reach the farthest reaches of the Persian Empire. 
• 118 - Battle of the River Talus between the Roman Empire and the Qiang Dynasty. 
• 118 - Emperor Huan of Qiang China dies.
• 119 - End of the Qiang Dynasty; beginning of the Fu Dynasty. 
• 120 - Southern China falls into anarchy as different nobles claim power for themselves. 
• 121 - Emperor Gnaeus dies. 
• 121 - Emperor Marcus withdraws from all of the eastern territories of the Roman Empire gained by Gnaeus except for Mesopotamia Superior, Arabia Tylosia, and Media. 
• 121 - Vologases III, the last Arsacid ruler, attempts to restore his throne. 
• 122 - The forces of Sasan defeat and kill Vologases, establishing the Sasanian Dynasty of Persia. 
• c. 130 - Kushan forces take control of the Tocharian homeland in the Tarim Basin. 
• c. 145 - The Fu Dynasty of China regains control of the Tarim Basin. 
• 178 - Second Roman attempt to invade Hibernia, which ends inconclusively. 
• 192 - Emperor Catalina dies, ending the Sergian Dynasty. His adopted heir Heluius Pertinax takes the throne. 
• 195 - Pertinax is murdered and succeeded by the military general Maximus Lupus. 

200 - 300 A.D.

• 209 - At the Battle of the Red Cliffs, local Chinese warlords defeat the navy of the Fu Dynasty, preventing it from expanding south and initiating its collapse. 
• 210 - Emperor Lupus enacts the Constitutio Lupiniana, in theory giving Roman citizenship to all free adult men within the Roman Empire and the equivalent rights to free adult women. 
• 212 - The Lupine Baths begin construction. 
• 215 - Emperor Lupus dies peacefully but before he could appoint an heir, beginning the military conflicts of the Crisis of the Third Century. Senator Didius takes the throne. 
• 216 - The Red Turban Rebellion breaks out in Fu China, swiftly driving out the Fu emperors and most Buddhist political leadership. 
• 216 - The prophet Mani is born in Roman Mesopotamia. 
• 217 - The Lupine Baths finish construction. 
• 218 - Emperor Didius is killed by the Roman general Septimius Severus, who takes power. 
• 226 - Emperor Severus dies of natural causes, leaving the throne to his son Geta. 
• 227 - Geta is murdered by the Praetorian Guard, who auction the throne to Macrinus. 
• 229 - Macrinius is killed. His son Diadumenian escapes to led a court in exile. Heliogabalus, a young child who is believed to be manipulatable, becomes the emperor.
• 231 - Heliogabalus is assassinated by the Praetorians that are disgusted by his proclamations of godhood and random activities. Macrinus' son Diadumenian returns to become emperor. 
• 233 - Diadumenian is overthrown by the German legions, who appoint Maximinus Thrax as emperor. 
• 235 - Thrax is murdered by the Praetorians and is succeeded by Pro-Consul Gordian. 
• 236 - Gordian is overthrown by Pupienus, who is shortly thereafter overthrown by Balbinus. 
• 237 - Balbinus is overthrown by the military commander Laelianus. 
• 243 - Laelianus dies of plague and is succeeded by the Roman Emperor Philip the Arab, establishing the short-lived Philipian dynasty. 
• 253 - Philip the Arab dies and is succeeded by his young son, Philip II. 
• 255 - Philip II is murdered by troops loyal to his brother Quintus, who takes the throne as Philip III. 
• 260 - Philip III is defeated in battle by the Pannonian legions, who proclaim Herennius emperor. 
• 260 - Following the overthrow of Philip III, the Gallic Empire splits from the Roman Empire. 
• 262 - Herennius is overthrown by Volusianus. 
• 262 - Hispania falls under the sway of the Gallic Empire. 
• 262 - Volusianus dies of plague and is succeeded by Hostilian. 
• 263 - The first known instance of a Baguadae (peasant community) uprising, in this case in Noricum. They soon spread throughout the Empire. 
• 263 - The Empire of Carthage breaks away from the Roman Empire. 
• 263 - Hostilian is murdered by the Praetorians, who replace him with Saloninus. 
• 266 - The Three Sovereigns, a powerful conglomerate of states, separates from the Roman Empire. 
• 268 - Salonus dies of old age and is succeeded by the Roman general Claudius Gothicus. 

Timeline

Guardians Timeline
560 - 500 500 - 400 400 - 300 300 - 200 200 - 100 100 - 1	1 - 100 100 - 200 200 - 300 300 - 400 400 - 500 500 - 600	600 - 700 800 - 900 900 - 1000 1000 - 1100 1100 - 1200 1200 - 1300	1300 - 1400 1400 - 1500 1500 - 1600 1600 - 1700 1700 - 1800 1800 - 1900	1900 - 2000 2000 - 2015