This page lists all nations in the Saracen Jihad timeline. Nations are sorted by the era in which they formed and the continent in which they originated.
Medieval Period[]
Europe[]
| Nation | Capital | Language | Religion | Dates Active | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frankish Empire | Tournai (431–508) Paris (508–768) |
Old Franconian, Latin |
Christianity | 5th Century - | |
| Kingdom of Asturias | Cangas de Onis, San Martín del Rey Aurelio, Pravia, Oviedo | Latin Regional Languages |
Christianity | 718 - | |
| Byzantine Empire | Constantinople | Latin (official until 620) Greek (official after 620) |
Christianity | c. 330 - | |
 Emirate of Córdoba
|
Córdoba | Classical Arabic, Berber, Mozarabic, Medieval Hebrew | Islam | 756 - |
Middle East[]
| Nation | Capital | Language | Religion | Dates Active | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umayyad Caliphate
|
Damascus | Arabic (official) – Coptic, Greek, Persian (official in certain regions until the reign of Abd al-Malik) Many regional languages |
Islam | 661 - 750 | Collapsed after the time of the Third Fitna and the Abbasid Revolt, in which the Abbasids became rulers of the caliphate. |
 Abbasid Caliphate
|
Damascus | Arabic (official) Many regional languages |
Sunni Islam | 750 - |
Africa[]
| Nation | Capital | Language | Religion | Dates Active | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barghawata | Not Specified | Berber | Indigenous religion Khariji Islam |
744 - | |
| Sijilmasa | Sijilmasa | Berber | Khariji Islam | 744 - |
Asia[]
| Nation | Capital | Language | Religion | Dates Active | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tang Dynasty | Chang'an | Middle Chinese | Chinese Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Chinese folk religion | 618 - |
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