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Afghanistan
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Flag Coat of Arms
Flag Coat of Arms
Capital Kabul
Largest city Kabul
Language Dari, Pashto, Arabic, English
Religion Islam
Government Islamic semi-presidential republic
Head of State President
Head of Government Prime Minister
Area 647,500 km²
Population 31,889,923 (2007 est.) 
Established 2003 (replaced Islamic State of Afghanistan)
Organizations Arab League

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a nation in the Middle East.


History[]

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was formed in 2003 to replace the Islamic State of Afghanistan. The Islamic State of Afghanistan was a totalitarian one-party nation under the Afghan Taliban Party. After the 9/11 Attacks President Osama Bin Laden was ordered to resign and was to be brought to the Court of Justice. 2002 saw the start of the Second Afghan Revolution. By 2003, Interim President Mohammad Omar was arrested by American, Gulf and rebel soldiers.


Burhanuddin Rabbani became Afghan Interim President in 2003. The first official president-elect was Hamid Karzai, in 2004. His term ends in 2010, and can get another term afterwards.


Government/Politics[]

The Afghan President is elected for a 5-year term, renewable once, by popular vote. If a candidate does not receive 50% of the vote, the two top candidates will compete in a final election. The Afghan President chooses the Afghan Prime Minister, and his vice president.


The Afghan Parliament consists of the Afghan House of People and the Afghan House of Elders. The Afghan House of People has 249 seats, elected to represent the provinces, for 5-year terms. The Afghan House of Elders consists of 102 seats, two from each province (the senior serves four years, junior serves three), and 34 chosen by the Afghan President, for 5-year terms.


The Afghan Supreme Court Justices are chosen by the Afghan President, approved by the Afghan House of Elders, to serve 10-year terms. The Afghan President chooses one to be Chief Justice.

Heads of State[]

# Name Took office Left office Party Head(s) of Government
- Interim President Burhanuddin Rabbani 2003 2004 Afghan United National Front Prime Minister Karim Khalili
1 President Hamid Karzai 2004 Incumbent Afghan Independent Prime Minister Ahmad Zia Massoud

Territories[]

Afghanistan consists of 34 provinces:


Province Capitol
Badakhstan Fayzabad
Badghis Qala I Naw
Baghlan Puli Khumri
Balkh Mazari Sharif
Bamiyan Bamiyan
Daykundi Nili
Farah Farah
Russia Moscow
Faryab Maymana
Ghazni Ghazni
Ghor Chaghcharan
Helmand Lashkar Gah
Herat Herat
Jowzjan Sheberghan
Kabul Kabul
Kandahar Kandahar
Kapisa Mahmud-I-Raqi
Khost Khost
Kunar Asadabad
Kunduz Kunduz
Laghman Mihtarlam
Lowgar Pul-I-Alam
Nangarhar Jalalabad
Nimruz Zaranj
Nurestan Parun
Oruzgan Tarin Kowt
Paktia Gardez
Paktika Sharan
Panjshir Bazarak
Parwan Charikar
Samangan Aybak
Sar-E Pol Sar-E Pol
Takhar Taloqan
Wardak Meydan Shahr
Zabul Qalat
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