Duw Ac Mae Fy Hawl ("God and My Right") | |||||
| Capital | York | ||||
| Largest city | Liverpool | ||||
| Other cities | Manchester | ||||
| Language official |
Welsh | ||||
| others | English | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholocism | ||||
| Ethnic Groups main |
Anglo-Saxon | ||||
| others | Welsh, Scottish | ||||
| Demonym | English | ||||
| Established | 1716 | ||||
England is a nation in Northern Europe, comprising the middle third of the island of Alban. It is currently in a state of personal uinon with Wales. Officially called the Kingdom of England, the King of England is a vassal of King Arthur II of Wales. England has a temperate maritime climate.
History[]
For history prior Principia Moderni II see:'Pre-1450 History of England
In 1450, with help of the popular rebellion of Jack Cade and the noble Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, Richard of York took over as Richard III of England.
He re-wrote the Magna Carta to have a Parliament with more powers and restore defitively the monarchy under his dynasty. He made exterminated the Lancasters and made peace with the last of them, John II of Castille, of House of Trastamara, by marring his daughter Anne with prince Henry of Castille.
Then, he started a new policy, which objective was to avoid the negative effects of the war with France, by allying himself with Castille, Portugal, the Holy Roman Empire and the States of the Church.
In 1452 the king agreed to call a meeting with Charles VII of France at Rouen to decide the final destiny of the war. Finally a peace treaty was signed with France and Scotland the next year, with England giving the whole Normandy (except for the offshore) to France, and giving Portugal the islans of Borhou, Ortac and Renonquet, though the english police still supervises and controls the commerce and military of the islands.
In 1454 England joined Frederick V of Austria in his war against the pretender Albert VI and his allies. England also supported Brandenburg in its attempts to gain freedom from Luxemborug, a state supporting Albert VI, and the Grand Duchy of Bavaria in its own attempts to unify the bavarian territories.
After a long war, Albert VI signed a treaty for which he obtained the Duchy of Tyrolia and Frederick III kept the throne of eastern Austria. Brandenburg did gain independence and Bavaria unified as one.
King Richard III died in 1460 and was succeded for Edward IV.
Government[]
Richard III of York reorganized the parliament to include more commons and less french-influences nobles and clergymen.
There are three estates that meet together and vote one vote to each person.
- Nobility; the majority of the Parliament. They're presided by the Lords Chancellor.
- Barons, Lords, Earls and Dukes; noblemen with fees under their rule and autonomy, who elect their own representatives, or themselves.
- Peers, knights, gentlemen, courtly nobility and non-feudal nobles; they vote in each fee to elect their representative.
- Commons; they're organized by property. They're presided by a Speaker of the Commons.
- Wealthymen; they own lands or are high dignataries of the Crown, they have feudal lords in debt with them, they pay higher taxes or help commercing between lands; they elect the Borough Commissioners.
- Middlemen; they have material property, stables, little businesses such as bars, lodging houses, &c... They elect a commissioner for each 'land' of the fee.
- Lowmen; they serve in agriculture and elect the Fee Commissioners.
- Spirituals; elected by the Pope or the owners of the most important dioceses. They're presided by the Primate, but they necessarily have to be:
- Cardinals
- Prelates
- Archbishops
- Bishops
They ratify the electionsof the high court officicers such as the Lord High Steward (who presides the Parliament if the king is absent), and many decissions of the king in matters of taxation, administrative division, treason trials, tribunals' officers' elections, concession of rights, merriage, &c...
The only one with power to veto any action of the Parliament is the Pope, who can also preside over the spirituals. But, for this, he needs to be fisicly present in the session.
The parliament meets three times a year (February or March; June or July and October or November), and can be cummoned at any time by the King or the Pope.
To avoid such a crisis as the War of Two Roses was, Richard III gave the Parliament the power to elect a Regnet Stewars, if a Stewars was not already chosen by the last King, and decide over succession matters.
Political administration[]
Administrative divisions[]
- Feudal baronies, lordships and fees.
- Ecclesiastical dominions.
- Bourghs, towns, ports and villages.
- Communal lands.
- Royal Dominion.
- London.
- York.
- Lancaster.
- Bailiwick of Jersey.
- Bailiwick of the Dodecanese.
Vassal states[]
- Principality of Calais.
- Monastic City-State Pesaro.
- Duchy of Lorraine
- Kingdom of Ireland
- Kingdom of Mann
Colonies[]
- Lord-Mayorship of Yorkland and Havenporth.
- Governorship of Saint Patrick and New Jersey.
Under english protection or supervision[]
- Bailiwick of Jersey, special zone under englsh military protection and commercial supervision.
- Borhou (Administrated by Portugal since 1453).
- Ortac (Administrated by Portugal since 1453).
- Renonquet (Administrated by Portugal since 1453).
- Bailiwick of the Dodecanese.
- Under papal disposition for crusades and imperial disposition for trade.
Foreign Affairs[]
Allies[]
- Holy Roman Empire.
- Archduchy of Austria; military and commercial support, offer of a royal marriage.
- Duchy of Milan; military and commercial support.
- Grand Duchy of Bavaria; military alliance and trade agreement, royal marriage.
- Duchy of Wurttemburg, vassal of Bavaria, de facto alliance.
- Kingdom-Electorate of Saxony, military and dimplomatic alliance.
- Margraviate-Electorate of Brandenburg; royal marriage, trade agreement, military and dplimatic support. Depending on tis position in the Austrian Succession War.
- Republic of Genoa.
- Duchy of Anhalt.
- Duchy of Baden-Wurttemberg.
- Swiss Confederation.
- Kingdom of Aragon, personal union with the Margraviate-Electorate of Brandenburg, military alliance.
- States of the Church; military, commercial and spiritual support, the Pope has powers in the Parliament.
- Kingdom of Castille; military, commercial and spiritual (if any crusade occurs), support, royal marriage.
- Kingdom of Portugal; military and commercial support, bilateral royal marriage.
Trading partners[]
- Kingdom of France, by trade agreement.
- De facto, France's vassals and major houses.
- Republic of Novgorod.
- Hanseatic League, a commercial guild.
- Holy Roman Empire.
- Imperial Trading Company.
- Grand Duchy of Bavaria.
- Most Serene Republic of Venice.
- Republic of Genoa.
Yet unresponsed alliance or trade offers[]
- Kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, military, commercial and diploamtic support requested.
Good relationships[]
- Members of the Holy Roman Empire, as England is allied with the Emperor.
- Most Serene Republic of Venice, ally of the Archduchy of Austria.
- Byzantine Empire, vassal of the Most Serene Republic of Venice.
- Croatia, vassal of the Most Serene Republic of Venice.
- Kingdom of Navarre, in personal union with Aragon and Brandenburg.
- Kingdom of Poland, supporter of Brandenburg and Austria.
- Gran Duchy of Lithuania, in personal union with Poland.
Diplomatical tensions[]
- Irish independent states, lords and clans.
- Anti-cetralists and Albert VI's supporters in the Holy Roman Empire.
- Republic of Genoa, as England is supporting the milanese vassalization.
- Duchy of Tyrolia, for England fought against it during the Austrian War of Succession.
- Rhenish Palatinate, for England fought against it during the Austrian War of Succession.
- Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, for the recent wars and unfinished trial.
- All islammic nations, for religious causes.
- The Hafsid Dynasty of Tunisia for its recent war against the States of the Church.
- France's major houses.
- Viscounty of Bearn, under french influence.
- Kingdom of Hungary, for the venetian conquest.
Truces[]
- Kingdom of France, 50 years truce since 1453 (36 years remain).
- De facto, France's vassals and major houses.
Enemies[]
- Kingdom of Scotland, broken truce of 1453 by attacking the irish lands, claimed by England.
- Duchy of Savoy, for abandoning the Holy Roman Empire.
- Duchy of Asti, for abandoning the Holy Roman Empire.
- Duchy of Pomerania, for heretic uprise.
Map and References[]
- Dark purple; England itself.
- Light purple; vassals of England.
- Dark blue; declared allies of England.
- Light blue; allies and vassals of the allies of England, requested alliances and trading partners.
- Dark red; in war with England.
- Light red; tense relationships, tense truces, ideological conflicts.
- Grey; neutral relationships, no relationships.
- Black; non-inhabited, unknown by England, no states to relate with.
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
