| Federal Republic of Guatemala República Federal de Guatemala Timeline: Cromwell the Great
OTL equivalent: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Chiapas | |||||
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| Motto: Dios, Unión y Libertad (Spanish: God, unity and liberty) |
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| Anthem: La Granadera |
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 Location of Guatemala
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| Capital | Guatemala City (1823-1834), San Salvador (1834 to date) | ||||
| Largest city | Guatemala City | ||||
| Other cities | Managua, Tegucigalpa, San Pedro Sula and San Jose | ||||
| Official languages | Spanish (official) | ||||
| Other languages | Mayan, Miskito and Arawakan languages | ||||
| Ethnic groups | Mestizos, Indians and Europeans | ||||
| Religion | Catholicism (official), Protestantism, Church of England, Syncretic beliefs, and Cult of Reason | ||||
| Demonym | Guatemalan | ||||
| Government | Presidential federal republic | ||||
| - | President | Lazaro Peralta | |||
| - | Vicepresident | Rodrigo Sacaya | |||
| Legislature | Guatemalan Congress | ||||
| Key Events | |||||
| - | Independence from Mexican Empire | 1823 | |||
| - | Civil War | 1826-1829 | |||
| Currency | Guatemalan real (1823-1844), Guatemalan escudo (1844 to date) | ||||
| Time zone | GMT-6 | ||||
| Date formats | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) | ||||
| Drives on the | right | ||||
| Membership international or regional organizations | League of American Republics (member) | ||||
The Federal Republic of Guatemala (Spanish: República Federal de Guatemala), is a sovereign state in Central America, which consisted of the territories of the former Captaincy General of Guatemala of New Spain. It borders to the north Mexico, Yucatan and to the south New Granada.
First flag of of the Federal Republic of Guatemala (1823-1834)
First Coat of arms of of the Federal Republic of Guatemala (1823-1834)
Shortly after Guatemala declared its independence from the Spanish Empire, some of its northern territories were annexed by the Mexican Empire in 1821. The Guatemala Congress ratified the independence and established the Federal Republic in 1823.
Regional rivalries led to the Civil War of 1826-1829 between liberals in favor of federalism and conservative that advocated a centralized republic around Guatemala City. The Liberals won the Civil War, but favored an agreement to alternate in the first eight years the presidency with the conservatives under the National political ticket as agreed by the Treaty of Truce (Tratado de Tregua, 1829). It is followed by the presidencies of Francisco Morazán (National-Liberal, 1830-1834, 1838-1842) and José Cecilio Díaz del Valle (National-Conservative, 1834-1838).
The constitutional reforms of 1833 established the uniformity of laws at State and Federal level and gave Congress the sole right to legislate on certain matters such as organization of the judiciary, national budget and taxes, Army and Navy, foreign relations, declaration of war and approval of international treaties, customs duties, schools, regulation and promotion of internal and foreign commerce and trade and national currency and weights and measures.
Tensions between Mexico and Guatemala in the First Reform War led to the Yucatan War that also included as theater of operations the future State of Chiapas and the recently independent republic of Yucatan. The result of the Yucatan War was the inclusion of Chiapas as part of Guatemala.
During the 19th century, many have described Guatemala as a buffer state between Mexico and Colombia. Attempts to build a Nicaragua canal connecting the Caribbean Sea and thus the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean goes back at least to 1825 when the Federal Republic of Guatemala hired surveyors to study a route via Lake Nicaragua.
The economy of Guatemala is chiefly oriented to the production cash crops of bananas, coffee, sugar, cocoa and cotton.
- Federal institutions
- President and Vice-president, both elected for a four year term limited to one successive reelection. President names state secretaries. The President and Vice-president are elected by an federal electoral assembly.
- Federal Congress (Senate and Chamber of Representatives).
- Supreme Court of Justice
- Presidents of the Federation
- Manuel José de Arce y Fagoaga (Liberal -> Conservative) 1825-1829
- Mariano de Beltranena y Llano (Conservative) 1829-1829
- Francisco Morazán (Liberal) 1829-1829
- José Francisco Barrundia y Cepeda (Liberal) Interim President 1829-1830
- Francisco Morazán (National-Liberal) 1830-1834
- José Cecilio Díaz del Valle (National-Conservative) 1834-1838
- Francisco Morazán (National-Liberal) 1838-1842
- States institutions
Until 1836 when freedom to organize was given to the states, they were required to have at least:
- a Chief of State and Second Chief of State, both elected, by an electoral college or directly, for a four year term,
- a Representative Council (one member for each administrative division of State),
- an Assembly of Representatives (11 to 21 deputies), and
- a Superior Court of Justice
- Member States
| Flag | Member | Capital | Established | Notes |
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State of Guatemala | Guatemala City | 1823 (1823) | Includes claim over Belize |
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State of El Salvador | San Salvador | 1823 (1823) | |
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State of Honduras | Tegucigalpa | 1823 (1823) | |
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State of Nicaragua | Managua | 1823 (1823) | Includes claim over the Mosquito Kingdom |
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State of Costa Rica | San José | 1823 (1823) | |
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State of Los Altos | Quetzaltenango | 1837 (1838) | Formed from western section of Guatemala |
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State of Chiapas | San Cristóbal de las Casas | 1840s | Independence from Mexico |
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