1820s[]
Alexander I of Russia signs the State Charter of the Russian Empire – the first Russian constitution.
I State Duma of Russia is elected. Main part of the seats occupied by conservative monarchists - the key person of them is the famous writer and historian Nikolai Karamzin. 20% occupied by Union of Welfare – former Secret Society, transforming itself into a party of liberal. This is the only organized party in this Duma, leading by Sergei Troubetzkoy and Alexander Muravyov. Several chairs occupy the extreme conservatives, leading by Admiral Alexander Shishkov.
Greek revolution starts
Alexander Ypsilantis, a member of the Greek Secret Society Φιλική Ἑταιρεία crosses the Russian-Turkish border with an armed squad. Greek Revolution starts.
Pressure pro-Greek minded Duma Alexander declares war on Ottoman Empire.
Treaty in Philipopol ends the war. Greeks forms 4 independent states: princedoms of Athens, Epirus, Morea and the Aegean Republic. Serbia also declares independence, Wallachia and Moldavia united to Romania under the Tudor Vladimirescu rule.
civil war broke out in Morea between clans of Mavromihalis and Kolokotronis.
Mohammed Ali of Egypt intervenes in Morean civil war and soon his armies conquer most of the peninsula.
In Russia, Alexander I dies. Because Heir of the throne, Tsarevich Constantine abdicate, his brother Nicolas becomes new Emperor.
1826 - on speech at the opening of the II State Duma, Nicolas calls himself “the first servant of the State”, and it deserves respect for the depurates from Union of Welfare.
1827 – Russia and the UK decide to help the Greeks in their fight against the Egyptians. They
Mohammed Ali - the first king of independent Egypt
offered Mohammed Ali to withdraw his troops from the Peloponnese. He refuses. Then joint Russian-British squadron destroys the Egyptian fleet in the Bay of Navarin. Egyptian troops are forced to leave Greece.
Nicolas convinces Charles X of France to compromise with liberals.
1829 – liberal Francois Guizot becomes Prime Minister of France.
1830s[]
1830-1831 – Polish rebellion. After it and, Poland from de jure independent Kingdom transformed to the Viceregency of Warsaw. During this war a group of Russian republican-minded officers from the 2nd Western Army try to raise anti-monarchic revolt. Plan falls, and there leaders (Paul Pestel and others) were forced to flee abroad. 1830-1832 - Seeing the defeat of Egypt in war in Greece, Ottoman sultan Mahmud II try to restore Ottoman rule there. But Mohammed Ali armies with French help soon discourage all Turkish attacks. 1832 – treaty in Jerusalem – Egypt becomes de jure independent kingdom.
1836 - Russ
D.I. Zavalishin
ian adventurer Dmitry Zavalishin crossed Mexican border with group of Russian American Company soldiers in the hope to conquer California for Russia.
1837 – Paul Pestel publish his “Russian Law” in London. This book becomes a sensation in the intellectual (and not only Russian) circles, and it contained ideas of strong authoritarian National Socially Oriented State laid the foundation of what would later be called Actionism.
- Zavalishin’s troops successfully controlled the territory of Alta California. The northern part of goes to RAC and became Colony of New Albion with capital in Ross. The rest is proclaimed an independent Californian Republic. Texas, seeing the weakness of Mexico, occupying New Mexico Territory.
1838 – Chaos in Mexico. After the overthrow of the unpopular after losing the war with Russia President Antonio Santa Ana, civil war breaks the country. Seeing this situation, Emperor Nicolas I lights up the idea of restoring the monarchy in Mexico.
1840s[]
1841 – Russia, France and Spain concluded a secret treaty for joint intervention in Mexico.
1842 – Revolution in Paris. King Louis XIX renounces for himself and his descendants from the throne. Second French Republic proclaimed.
1843 - Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte elected French President. 1844 – he proclaims himself Emperor.Nicolas I does not recognize “little Corsican monster” as the French Emperor. The union between Russia and France is
Napoleon III
henceforth broken.
1844 – Russia and Spain declares war to Mexico. To the amazement of Nicholas, Britain, France and the U.S. stand in defense of this country and declare war to Russia.
1847 – after long sea war, Russia forced to sign the peace with the Coalition. All of the RAC possessions in America goes to allies – Alaska to the UK, New Albion and Ross – to the USA. Spain also loose there colonies in Caribbean – Cuba and Puerto Rico - to the USA. French protégé “Napoleon of Mexico” general José de Urrea comes to power in Mexico. He is forced to acknowledge the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Texas, (which now are de facto American protectorate) and Yucatan (British protectorate), but the rest of the country is under its complete control.
Losing the war caused a political crisis in Russia. VI Duma (which is dominated by Union of Welfare and Russian People's Sobor (Social Conservatives, analog OTL Slavophiles) call for reform within the country, above all the abolition of serfdom.
1848 march – Sardinia declares war to Austria, Kingdom of Two Sicilies, Papal States and Tuscany soon join. Risorgimento starts.
May – Napoleon III of France supports the Italians and declares war to Austria.
1849 – Italian Union proclaimed as confederation of 4 constitutional monarchies of peninsula – Sardinia, Two Sicilies, Tuscany and Papal States headed by Pope Pius IX.
1850s[]
1850 – Austria signs a peace with Coaliti.
Diet of Hungary declares independance from Austria
on, giving Lombardy and Venice to Italy. They, and Habsburg possessions in Modena is annexing to Sardinia. Parma, Benevento, Monaco and San Marino joins the Union.
Austria, weakened by the war with Hungary, lose the leadership in Germany, and in 1850 in Erfurt, the Northern German Union was created under Prussian hegemony . It consisted of three kingdoms - Prussia, Hannover, Saxony and several states of Northern Germany.
Reading of the 1850 Manifesto
1850 – after a long discussions, VI State Duma decides to abolish serfdom. Abolition follows the scheme proposed by deputy from Union of Welfare Nikita Muraviev - the bulk of the land remains with the landowners, only two acres and smallholding redeemed by the state in favor of the liberated peasants.
1852 – Austrian chancellor Felix von Schwarzenberg, Hungarian leader Ferenc Diack (who replaced Lajos Kossuth in 1851) and de facto Croatian ruler ban Josip Jelacic sights the Chiral Hida Accords, which transforms Austrian Empire to Triple Monarchy of Ausria-Hungaria-Slavonia Hungarian Rebellion ended.
Flag of the Austria-Hungaria-Slavonia
1854-1856 – Austro-Prussian War – Prussian attempt to get Austria-Hungaria-Slavonia recognized Prussian climes to leadership in Germany. But Prussia lose the war, and Southern German states remain under the Austrian dominion.
1858 – after the failure Whig US president William Graham and whig-dominated Congress to join Texas to the Union, Southern states began secession, because, as some says, "Washington will always be deaf to our expetations".
1859 - CSA is formed, war with Union government started.
1859 – so-.called Garibaldi revolution started in Italy against king Victor I. It started when Giuseppe Garibaldi, hero of Risorgimento and Pestel-style Socialist landed with his troops in Sicilly in May. To the end of the year, he takes Napoli, in March 1860 – Rome. King Victor and Pope flee to Torino. Garibaldi proclaims Italian republic. October 1860 – Florence and Lucca falls to Republican army. Victor I ask Napoleon III of France for intervention.
1860-1861 – Franco-Prusso-Dutch war. France and Northern Germany helps Belgian separatists in his fight with Netherland’s government. After war, Luxembourg go to Prussia and princedom of Nassau joins Northern Germany, and other OTL Belgium except Antwerp go to France.
1860s[]
Confederate soldiers during the fight
1861 – Texas joins the war at CSA side.
1862 – French and Austrian troops invade Italy.
1863 – war ended with a ceasefire. CSA now is an independent state. Texas joins the CSA.
To 1866– last Garibaldist forces surrender. 1866 – 1868 – Franco-Prussian war started after territorial dispute around Luxembourg. Prussian army defeats French forces and soon take Paris. France lose Lüttich (OTL Liege) to Prussia. Northern Belgium forms independent Kingdom of Flanders under the Hohenzollern- Zigmarinen prince rule.
1868 – French parliament dethrone Emperor Napoleon III. French Republic proclaimed.
1869 – group of French socialists headed by Auguste Blaunqi take power in Paris and proclaim French Social Republic. French Civil War start. .
1870s[]
1870 – fear of Socialist France, Southern German states make alliance with Prussia. This lead to creation of German Empire, proclaimed in Nuremberg in 1871.
Blaunqi sigh the peace treaty with Prussia. France lose Lüttich (OTL Liege) and Indochina. Northern Belgium forms independent Kingdom of Flanders under the Hohenzollern- Zigmarinen prince rule.
1871 – General Georges Boulanger make a new coup in Paris and overthrow Blaunqi Government. French Civil War ended, but French Algeria is still de facto independent state under French Monarchist’s rule.
1875 – Rebellion against Ottoman rule in Bosnia, Herzegovina and Bulgaria. This uprising was brutally suppressed by the Turkish troops. Russia and AHS Empire demanded from thethe Porte to stop the carnage. Sultan Abdul-Hamid refused.
1877 - After the end of the long talks, Russia and AHS declares war to the Ottoman Empire. The Turks defeated during the three months.
1878 – Treaty in Berlin – Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina declared principalities, under the Ottoman Emperor suzerainty.
Russian troops crossed Danube during the Russian-Austrian-Ottoman war
1880s[]
1880 – Cascadia acquires the Dominion status.
1884 – The Great War Panic of 1884. Revolution in Italy overthrow the Papal rule. Austria declares support to Pope, France – to new Italian Government. Germany support Austria. The war was about to begin, but international conference in Copenhagen can ended this crisis peacefully – Italy was recognized as Kingdom under Savoy dynasty rule.
1886 – Ireland acquires the Dominion status
1889 – Samoa Incident – British, German and USA military squadron encountered in the Apia Harbor. This incident lead to Samoa War – sea war of Germany and USA against Britain for the control over the Pacific Ocean.
1900s[]
1900 – Algeria rejoins France.
1904– Japanese fleet attacks Russian military ships in Port Arthur and Chemulpo.
harbors – Russian-Japanese war start.
1905, 2.01 – Japanese forces captured Port Arthur – main Russian naval base in China.
9.01. – 300000 Russian workers arrange demonstration near the Winter Palace with so-called Gapon proclamation. After discussions, Emperor Nicolas II and Duma starts social reforms.
27-28 May – Russian 2nd Pacific Fleet destroyed in battle in Tsusima Strait.
25 September – Ssupingkai battle – first Russian victory in war. After it, war goes to stalemate.
28 November – peace treaty in Boston ended the war. Port Arthur and Southern Manchurian Railway goes to Japan.
1908 – AHS annex Bosnia and Herzegovina. This lead to tensions between AHS and Russia.
1910s[]
1912 – Rebellion in Ottoman Albania and Macedonia lead to war between Turkey and Balkan League of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria and Greece. Allied forces soon destroyed the Ottoman army.
1913 – Chinese revolution. Fall of the Qing Dynasty. Leader of the revolutionary KMT party Sun Yat-sen proclaimed himself provisional president of the Great Republic of China.
1913, March – AHS ordered Serbia to windrow army from Albania. King Petar I refused. Russia support Serbia.
1 April – AHS declares war to Serbia and Montenegro.
2 April - Greece declares war to AHS, Russia start mobilization of army.
5 April – Germany declares war to Russia and France.
7 April – Germany invades Flanders.
6 April – Russia declares war to AHS, Italy declares war to Germany.
20 April – UK declares war to Germany.
25 April -8 May – battle on the Marne. German advance on Paris halted.
22 May – Japan declares war to Germany.
1914, 2 May – USA declares war to UK and CSA.
1915, February - coup d'etat in Russia - with the support of the Duma, pro-German (as many say ) Emperor Nicolay II dethroned and replaced by his uncle and leader of the victorious Galician army Grand Duke Nicolay Nikolaevich (as Nicolay III).
1916, March-June – Battle for Straits – Russian troops take Constantinople. This led to collapse of the Ottoman Empire.
1917 – Revolution in CSA lead to Civil War between Nationalists, Socialists and Black Rebels. Confe
deration in ruins – Virginia, Arkansas, Louisiana and Missouri is under US control, central territories created Afro-American Republic of Nubia, Cuba and Haiti declares independence.
30 January – AHS surrender.
1 May – Navy rebellion in Hamburg. German revolution starts.
12 May - Wilhelm II abdicates.
14 May - after 5 years of war and caused by it economic and social difficulties, Germany, not defeated on the battlefield, but completely mentally and physically exhausted, surrendered.
Meeting in Berlin
Now USA remained in solitude.
23 June - radical socialists overthrew the German Provisional Government. 1. September – German Socialist Republic was proclaimed.
1918 12 February - USA asked about the truce. End of the First World War.
1 June - Treaty of Versailles was signed. Russian and French ideas to overthrow Communist rule in Germany and conquer this country come to nothing due to British support of German Spartacist government. Germany loses some territory – of East Prussia and Poznan was transferred to Russian Poland, Saar and Liege – to France, but save sovereignty. Flanders was declared republic de facto under French protectorate. German colonies goes into guardianship “ “ of the victors – African colonies to France and Britain, Vietnam and Cambodia – to Japan, and Laos, Aceh and New Guinea – to Britain. Hungary loses Transylvania to Romania and Slovakia to new Czechoslovakian state. AHS Empire was divided between Czechoslovakia, Hungary, rump Austria and Croatia-Slovenia. Bosnia and Herzegovina goes to Serbia. Ottoman Empire disappears from the world map – Balkan lands was divided between Serbia, Bulgaria Montenegro and Greece, Arabian lands forms three protectorates – Italian Libya, British Iraq and and French Syria. Ottoman dynasty falls, and Turkish republic was proclaimed. Enver Pasha became the first president. Constantinople and Salonika was occupied by Allies. USA was forced to withdraw army from occupied CSA states, replaced by French and British forces.
1918 – US occupation forces in CSA territory changed by British and French troops. 1. December – Second Confederation Treaty signed in Richmond by Virginia, Arkansas, Louisiana, Sequoyah and Missouri representatives.
1918-1920 – “Two red years” in Italy – socialist rebellions in industrial centers. Groups of ultra-right activists (mostly former soldiers) create military groups (so-called skuadres) to fight with “spartacists”.
1919-1920 – New CSA army with British and French help crash Nubian Republic.
1920s[]
1920- Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Bavaria create Union of Socialist Nations.
1921 – Second Confederacy is officially created, consist of all CSA territories except Haiti.
1922 – skuadrist leader Benito Mussolini make a coup in Rome and create fascist (nationalist but economically socialist) regime in Italy.
1922 – Due to inability to cope with the effects of drought in the Volga region, Military Government, which governed Russia since the end of 1910-s, dismissed by the Tsar. New one was formed from People’s Monarchy Union party (which combined commitment to the monarchy and the socialist views on the economy). New Prime Minister, Baron Pyotr Vrangel, proclaimed the beginning of the New Economic Policy - the creation of country's strong industrial base and solution of the agrarian question.
1923 - Raymond Poincare, far-right politician, is elected President of France. He start policy of rapprochement with Italy.
1926 – UK, Ireland, Australia, Canada, South Africa, Newfoundland, Cascadia and Patagonia sigh the London Treaty, and create the British Imperial Federation.
1927 – death of the Karl Liebknecht, President of the USN. Max Bedacht, supporter of the idea of world revolution, became new President.
1929 – Wall Street Bank Crash. Start of the economical crisis in the USA.
1930s[]
1931 – bloodless revolution in Spain – after the Radical Republican victory in municipal elections, King emigrated, and Spanish republic was proclaimed.
2.2.1936 - revolution in Japan. Army overthrow pro-British government and Parliament. Emperor Yasuhito support the Army, and the Showa Restoration – creation the ultranationalist regime – starts. Parliament was dissolved, all power was given to the Emperor and the Cabinet. The forced creation of the military industry began.
1936-1939 – Spanish Civil War. With Italian and French help, Spanish army overthrow Socialist Government. Spanish monarchy restored.
1937 – Russia, Poland, Serbia and Montenegro created the Pan-Slavic Union.
1938 – London Bank Crash. Start of the Great Depression.
1940s[]
1940, 1 June – After the series of labor riots in France, USN forces crossed the French border “to support the rebel proletariat”. WWII started. Britain, Spain and Italy support France, but Russia and her allies stay neutral.
October – French armies are destroyed and Paris captured by Germans. French Socialist Republic join the USN, but in Algeria government of Marshal Petain continue to fight. Italy was also occupied by USN forces, and King escaped to Tripoli.
1941, 22.07. – USN Rote army attack Poland and Russia.
1941, 16. November – Japan join the war at USN side.
1946, 3.06 – capitulation of USN
1946, 11.11. – capitulation of Japan.
After the war, world map was redrawn. USN was disunited, and new states – Germany, Bavaria, Bohemia, Slovakia, Hungary and Austria was created with Wilhelm III as Emperor of Germany, Rupprecht as King of Bavaria, Otto von Habsburg as King of Hungary, and Maximilian Hohenberg as King of Bohemia. Part of Silesia goes to Poland, southern Transylvania to Romania, and Croatia became part of newly-formed Yugoslavian kingdom under the Serbian Karadjordjevic dynasty. China was united under the Chang Shueliang’s National Party rule (except for Manchuria, where Qing empire was restored as Russian puppet). Japan and Siam was reduced to the status of British protectorates. League of Nations – unrealized project of 1918 - was created, with Russia, British Imperial Federation, France, and – later – the USA – as the "world policeman", and Council of League members.
1948 – Indonesia proclaimed independence from the Netherlands. The war started.
1949 - France officially granted independence to Territory of Salonika. Independent Republic of Salonika – first modern Jewish state – was created.
1949-1950 – former anti-Japan guerrillas in British India and Malaya began to fight against the European colonial government. Unofficial start of the Age of Terror.
1950s[]
1950 – United States of Indonesia was formed.
India and Pakistan created as independent states.
1951 – France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Flanders and Netherlands formed United States of Europe – economical alliance.
1952 – Revolution in Egypt. a group of nationalist officers leaded by Gamal Abdel Nasser overthrew King Farooq and proclaimed Arab Republic of Egypt.
1954 – Warsaw Pact – update of the pre-war Pan-Slavic Union, was signed by Russia, Poland, Bohemia, Slovakia, Yugoslavia, Finland, Khorezm, Bukhara and Mongolia. Greece and Bulgaria joins soon.
1956 – Nasser refused to renew the lease Suez Canal by the French and British, and nationalized it. This decision provoked firestorm in both this countries. 1 September - Operation Musketeer – Franco-British invasion in Egypt started. December – Nasser government was overthrown and Farooq was restored – as the French puppet.
Uprising in Algeria started.
1957 – Western European Defensive Alliance – military alliance of USE members – was created. French president Pierre Mendès France published the Community Plan – French colonies could form autonomous republics in association with mother country. All national leaders in colonies, except Algeria, agreed with plan.
1958 – French Community was officially created. Congo declares independence. The negotiations on granting independence to Algeria cause discontent in the army and society.
1959 - Mendès France government was overthrown by military coup leaded by General Jacques Massu. Negotiations stopped.
1960s[]
1960-s – Civil Right movement in the USA starts. President James Rhodes has tried to suppress it. This led to the radicalization of the movement and an increase in social and racial tensions.
1967 – President Rhodes assassinated by members of Black Panthers terrorist organization. This lead to short mass support to the National Union and new President Henry Cabot Lodge policy of “restoring order” but soon he loose support and in 1972 elections Civil Right supporters from Progressive Party wins.
1968 - Mass protests against the military regime in Paris escalate into riots. President Salan flee to Flanders, and General Massu replaced him as President and crush the “rebellion”.
1968-1969 – “German Bombing” - series of terrorist attacks in Berlin, Munich, Cologne, Stuttgart, Baden, Hamburg, Kassel, Dresden, Hanover, and Vienna, organized by the RAF terrorist group.
1970s[]
1970-s – decade of “changing the way”. With death of the British king Edward VIII in 1972 and Russian Emperor Roman I in 1978 and with US President Henry C. Lodge Jr. lost the elections of 1972 to Progressive Sargent Shriver, Era of Social-Conservatism and Right-Wing Radicalism came to an end. Only in France regime of the Action Française party lasted until the 1982.
1977 – New Chinese President Lee Teng Hui started the market reforms in country.
1980s[]
1981-1982 – mass protests in France forced the president Bourdegaurd to hold free elections
1982 – Socialist party wins the French elections. 1984 - New government change the constitution, and IV Republic with parliamentary system was created. Socialist government decides to withdraw from the Middle East. So-called Arabian Spring started.
1982 – Latvia and Estonia received the status of the autonomous principalities in personal union with Russia.
1985 – Islamic Revolution in Egypt.
1989 – Islamic Revolution in Algeria.
1990s[]
1997 – Having no mail heir and wanting to give the throne to his daughter, the Emperor Nicolay IV of Russia changed the law of succession. In Poland, Sejm has not ratified it, and, so, Personal Union between Russia and Poland was broken.
1999 – Second Polish Republic was proclaimed. It causes political crisis in Petrograd, but Emperor Nicolay recognized the independence of Poland.
2000s[]
2009 - Scotland becomes a state in British Imperial Federation