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Canada
Timeline: The Era of Relative Peace

OTL equivalent: Canada
Flag Coat of Arms
Flag Coat of Arms
Location of Canada
Location of Canada
Motto
A Mari Usque Ad Mare
("From Sea to Sea")
Anthem "O Canada"
Capital Ottawa
Largest city Toronto
Other cities Vancouver, Victoria, Calgary, Regina, Saskatoon, Windsor, London, Montreal, Halifax
Language English, French
Government Federal parliamentary representative democracy under constitutional monarchy
  Legislature Parliament
Monarch Queen Elizabeth II
Prime Minister
Area
  main
 
9,984,670 km²
  water (%) 8.92
Population 35,151,728 
Independence from United Kingdom
  declared July 1, 1867
Currency Canadian dollar (CAD)
Organizations NATO, OAS, UN, Commonwealth of Nations

Canada is a sovereign nation located in North America, bordering the United States to the South and sharing maritime borders with the Greenland, and the French overseas dependency of San Pierre and Miquelon. It shares the largest undefended border with the United States and has an "open-borders" policy with its southern neighbor.

History[]

Early History[]

What was known as Canada was a collection of British and French colonies prior to the 20th century. During the War of 1812, British forces from Canada invaded the United States.

20th Century[]

In World War I, Canada fought on the side of the Allied Powers, aiding Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand in the European Theatre of the war. Around the 1920s and the 1930s, Canada and the United States declared an open-borders policy in which citizens or nationals from both sides can enter the border freely. Yet, during the 1970s, recently declassified files in the Pentagon defined War Plan Red which identified a hypothetical war between the U.S. and the British Empire. Parts of the plant included a possible American invasion of Canada should hostilities break out. Notably, War Plan Red never happened due to the outbreak of the Second World War. Being part of the Commonwealth, Canada was one of the countries to declare war against Nazi Germany in 1939. Canadian forces were stationed in all corners of the globe to deter Axis aggression. In 1941, as the United States entered the war, Canada declared war on Japan and interned Japanese-Canadian citizens up until the end of the war. Canadian forces were present in both European and Pacific Theaters. Post-WWII, Canada became one of the founding members of NATO as bulwark against Soviet expansion. During the Korean War, the country contributed troops in the United Nations side in the defense of South Korea. Also during the 1950s, the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) included Canada within its protection. Both the U.S. and Canada did not ignore the threat of Soviet bombers flying over each other's airspace hence the notion of joint-defense was taken up seriously. By the 1980s, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau attempted to seek cordial relations with both the Soviet Union and the United States. This was a progress continued under Prime Minister Brian Mulroney with Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev took office, though as hardliners took over, Soviet-Canadian relations took a plunge.

Canada During World War III[]

Being a member of NATO and the Commonwealth of Nations, Canada was soon dragged into the war in Europe. Canadian forces were deployed into the United Kingdom and Western Europe to defend against Soviet aggression. Other forces were deployed to the Far East into Commonwealth territories. Later, a new front opened when Soviet TU-95 bombers began a large bombing campaign that targeted major cities on the North American West Coast. The cities of Vancouver and Victoria, along with CFB Comox and CFB Esquimalt were bombed by Soviet Air Force. In December 1989, the Soviet Union launched a surprise invasion of Washington State and the province of British Columbia, and parts of the Yukon territory; occupying the major American city of Seattle as well as the capital of BC, Victoria, and its largest city Vancouver. The movement saw several refugees moving into Alberta, settling into refugee camps throughout the countryside as well as the major cities of Calgary and Edmonton. Since Canadian forces back home were disorganized, they could only do hit-and-run attacks against the Soviets. Often times, they did it jointly with some roving American soldiers. It was later around July 1990 that the U.S. and Canada, assisted by the United Kingdom, were able to organize a counterattack that liberated their occupied territories from the Red Army. Once the Soviets were expelled, remaining enemy soldiers were taken as POWs.

Post-War[]

The first priority was to repair the damages done in British Columbia and Yukon for many Canadian refugees to settle in the area again. Vancouver was heavily damaged in the war with Victoria not so much, though both were less damaged compared to Seattle. The damages of both major cities in British Columbia were repaired around 2001-2002.

A war memorial was placed in both cities to commemorate the fallen lives of Canadian soldiers, police officers, and resistance fighters during the brief occupation.

Politics[]

TBA

Economy[]

TBA

Military[]

The military of Canada is officially known as the Canadian Armed Forces. It is divided into the Canadian Army, the Royal Canadian Air Force, and the Royal Canadian Navy.

The army is composed of roughly 49,500 personnel with 17,000+ in reserve. The standard issue rifle of the Army during World War III is the Colt Canada C7, an official license of the American M16. They were deployed alongside the L1A1 SLR among Canadian foot soldiers. In addition, the Canadian army uses several pistols, machine guns, anti-tank guns, and mortars. The army uses several jeeps, Land Rovers, Bedford Trucks, M113 APCs, LAV-25s, Leopard 1, and Leopard 2 main battle tanks as their vehicle fleet.

The Air Force saw much action during World War III, working alongside the United States Air Force, the Royal Air Force, the Royal Australian Air Force, and the Royal New Zealand Air Force in both European and Asian theaters of the war. It saw the primary defense of Canada's airspace, as part of NORAD jointly with the United States, against Soviet Tu-95 bombers in the bombing of the American and Canadian West Coast.

The Navy saw combat in Alaska, BC, Yukon, Korea, and Hong Kong. However, it did suffer several losses of ships when Soviet bombers attacked CFB Comox and CFB Esquimalt. Nonetheless, most ships escaped either to Alaska or down to Oregon and California, with some submarines harassing Soviet battle cruisers in the Pacific. The CP-140 Aurora saw combat against Soviet submarines off the coast of BC.

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