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The United Kingdom and its Empire has historically been one of the most prominent colonial powers on Antarctica. With claims dating back to 1820, the year Antarctica was discovered by Europeans; and sub-Antarctic claims dating to the 18th century, the British presence on the continent is well-established.
British Antarctic possessions:
- Scotia Sea Islands — 1765-1820; 1980-1981
- Falkland Islands — 1765-1820; 1980-1981
- South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands — 1775-1820; 1980-1981
- South Shetland Islands — 1819-1820; 1980-1981
- South Orkney Islands — 1980-1981
- Kerguelen — 1810-1815
- Crozet Islands — 1810-1815
- Kerguelen Islands — 1810-1815
- Grahamland — 1820-1980
- Grahamland Peninsula — 1820-1980
- Falkland Islands — 1820-1980
- South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands — 1820-1980
- South Shetland Islands — 1820-1980
- South Orkney Islands — 1823-1980
- Eduarda — 1821-present
- Nova Hibernia — 1821-1921
- Great Cardiff — 1821-1921
- New Perthshire — 1822-1921
- New Fenland — 1823-1921
- New Devon — 1824-1990
- New Somerset — 1824-1948
- Cooksland — 1833-1948
- New Ingria — 1920-1990
- Berkner Bay — 1859-1901
- Antarctic Mandate — 1919-1936
Commonwealth Antarctic possessions:
- Australia
- Macquarie Island — 1810-present
- New Vestfold — 1850-present
- Heard and McDonald — 1854-present
- New Zealand
- Balleny Islands — 1839-1841; 2010-present
- Bransfield Islands — 1841-1923
- Ross Dependency — 1923-2010
- Ross and Scott — 2010-present
- Co-Administrative Areas of Transantarctica — 2010-present
- South Africa
- Prince Edward Islands — 1873-present
- United Republic — 1990-present
- Commonwealth member-state, not a Commonwealth Realm.
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