1400-1499 (The Kalmar Union)

1400s

1400

Wessex - William II dies. William III succeeds.

HRE - Rupert of Bavaria leads an attempt to depose Emperor Wenceslaus. Luxembourg armies fight Bavarian, Swabian and Papal troops in almost every corner of the Empire.

Charles II, King of Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor (1400-1426)

Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia - Wenceslaus I dies. Charles II succeeds in all the Luxembourg territories.

Naples - Louis I dies. His son Charles IV inherits Naples.

1402

Brynja I, Queen of Álengiamark (1402-1422)

Álengiamark - Elin IV dies. Her sister Brynja I succeeds.

Aragon - John II dies. Peter IV succeeds.

1403

Gothenland - John IV dies. His son Eric III succeeds.

1404

Vinland - The Ohio invade Hafsvaedaland. This cuts Kristjana off from support and money.

1405

Asdis II, Queen of Vinland (1405-1420)

Vinland - Kristjana V is deposed by her cousin Asdis II, ending the anarchy. Asdis II reunites the two halves of Vinland and begins beseiging Ohio held towns in Hafsvaedaland.

Kristjana and her close family flees to Verao Island.

1406

Verao Island - The exiled Kristjana V is apparently murdered by Portuguese agents eager to appease the new rulers in Vinland and keep them on their side.

Vinland- Asdis II officially declares Christianity to be Vinland's true religion but tolerates the various pagan rites being practised as long as they are outside of church land. No pagan temple is allowed to own land and all of their current land is made crown property. However the various pagan arch-priests are raised to the Althing's second chamber making them applicable to law and essentially independent.

Northern Leifia largely settles down to a period of peace. The Erieac know this as 'the breath'.

1407

Eric VI, King of Denmark (1407-1426)

Denmark- Valdemar II dies. Eric VI succeeds.

1408

Gothenland - Eric III dies. His brother Benedict is crowned.

Holy Roman Empire - After a considerable struggle Charles II of Luxembourg is crowned Emperor (Charles IV).

1410s

1411

Lade - Novgorod raids the Northern-most settlements of Lade.

Vinland - Vinland moves 1,000 Greenlanders from their increasingly marginal farmland to help settle Hafsvaedaland in the Karontóborg area.

1412

Bar - Joanna of Wantzenau is born in the Duchy of Bar.

1413

France - France declares regency for the infant Duke of Bar beginning the Bar War. This is immediately opposed by the Luxembourgs who entice Arles and Anglia into an alliance to encircle France.

Gothenland - King Benedict dies. His sister Catherine succeeds.

1414

France - Philip IV dies. His cousin the Duke of Berry, John III, succeeds.

Leon - King Henry I dies. Ferdinand VI succeeds.

1416

Gothenland - Catherine dies ending the main line of the Gothenlandic Piasts. Her husband, Eric Lejonbalk, is crowned as Eric IV on behalf of their young son. He is almost immediately embroiled in various plots to remove him and replace him with various Piast pretenders.

Augsburg - Emperor Charles IV convenes the Council of Augsburg to solve the remaining issues caused by the Papal Schism.

1417

Francia - France takes to scorched-earth techniques to prevent Arelat armies penetrating Champagne. The Empire is neither united nor peaceful enough to fully push the French out of Bar. Anglia contents itself with minor sieges on the Flemish and Hainault borders.

Bohemia - Jan Hus, the Bohemian proto-protestant reformer, is burnt at the stake.

1419

Lade - Lade sends troops into the White Sea to enforce taxes on Arkhangelsk.

HRE - The Defenestration of Prague begins the Hussite Wars.

Prussia - Gothenland goes to war against Poland over the former's constant interference in Prussia. Poland secretly arms Hussites to storm Gothenlandic fortresses on the Baltic coast.

1420s

Hafdis IV, Queen of Vinland (1420-1453)

Vinland - Asdis II dies. She is succeeded by Hafdis IV.

Gothenland - Eric IV is murdered as part of the ongoing struggles for the crown. Loyalists raise the infant Christopher to the throne.

Western Leifia - Álengsk traders operating on the Roasjoinn witness the landing of Zheng He's massive treasure fleet. They are meant to be searching for Mexica but have landed several thousand miles to the north. This is sometimes attributed to the Hawaiian translators the Chinese were employing. They had erroneously assumed Hawaii was just an outlying island of Leifia and the natives would be able to translate and guide them. The men on board almost outnumber the Chinook natives onshore. The Chinese are put off revisiting for many years from the relative lack of trading opportunities.

Armagnac - The final Cathars finally renounce their heretical beliefs.

1421

Denmark - Princess Elizabeth of Viken marries Prince Erik of Denmark.

Anglia - The St. Elizabeth's Day Flood kills perhaps 10,000 and causes devastation to Zeeland and Northern Brabant.

1422

Thyri, Queen of Álengiamark (1422-1459)

Álengiamark - Brynja I dies. Thyri succeeds.

Naples - The city of Naples finally falls to Aragonese forces reuniting it with its hinterland. Peter IV is crowned King of Naples.

1423

Aragon - Peter IV dies. His daughter Joanna I is accepted by the nobles in Catalonia. However, Aragon's woolly succession laws allow her cousins James and Martin to claim Naples and Sicily-Sardinia respectively. A revolt breaks out in Majorca to compound her problems.

Henry III, King of Anglia (1423-1437)

Anglia - Charles IV dies. Henry III succeeds.

Gothenland - Christopher is removed by forces loyal to the Piast scion Magdelena. Her husband Karl Tott, himself a wealthy landowner, defeats the remaining loyalists at the Battle of Hallesaker. Christopher is sent to live in Bohemia.

1424

Elizabeth, Queen of Viken and Svealand (1424-1443)

Viken- Wizlaw IV dies. His only legitimate child Elizabeth inherits Viken-Svealand-Rugia.

1426

Eric VII, King of Denmark (1426)

Denmark - Eric VI dies. His son Eric VII succeeds him. However, he dies after only three months on the throne.

With support of the Danish nobles, who are eager to avoid a civil war whilst Pomerania is threatened by the Empire, Elizabeth is allowed to continue to reign in 'Greater Denmark' as regent (not Queen) on behalf her young son Eric.

That makes her Queen of Viken and Svealand, High Queen of Norway, Regent of Denmark, Princess of Rugia, Duchess of Lade, Estonia, Pomerania and Finland.

Gothenland - Magdelena dies. Her son Nils, already crowned joint-king in 1424, succeeds.

Hordaland - Eric V dies. Magnus V succeeds.

Sigismund I, King of Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor (1426-1437)

Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia - Charles II dies. He is succeeded by Sigismund I. It will take another five years before he is crowned Emperor, however.

1428

Francia - Arles is driven out of Lorraine by Burgundy, who then follow up into Swabia as part of their long off and on Swabian War.

France outlaws Charles of Bar, essentially annexing the duchy, and moves its armies forward into Lorraine.

Scotland - James III dies. He is succeeded by David V.

1429

Bar - With spiritual and military guidance from Joanna of Wantzenau, the French are removed from Bar.

1430s

1431

Eric VIII, King of Denmark and Svealand (1426-1478)

Scandinavia - By the Treaty of Kalmar Elizabeth abdicates in Denmark in favour of Eric VIII. Viken-Rugia-Svealand and all related territories recognise Eric as the rightful heir. Hordaland and Gothenland accept the terms and form a defensive alliance with Greater Denmark, acknowledging Eric as their overlord.

The 'Kalmar Union' is created.

Bohemia - The Bar War ends with the Battle of Troyes. Joan is sent eastward to inspire the Catholic populace of Bohemia to resist the Hussites. Instead she merely splits the army and goes some way to unite the two opposing Hussite camps.

1433

Wessex - William III dies. Edward V succeeds.

1434

Leifia - Both Vinland and Álengiamark, after a long period of indecision, pledge allegiance to the Kalmar Union and send representatives to the third council at Oslo.

1435

Bohemia - The Utraquists and the Taborites fall into civil war over whether to accept peace.

Hordaland - Magnus V dies. Eric VI succeeds him.

1436

Anglia - Anglian nobles raise an army to 'bring the king back to his senses'. Henry III has been ruling in an increasingly high-handed matter refusing to meet the Witenage half-way on various matters. He is captured and imprisoned.

1437

Richard I, King of Anglia (1437-1451)

Anglia - After drawn-out discussions Henry III agrees to restore justice and 'good law' to Anglia. However he dies amid his release. His brother Richard I succeeds him.

Gothenland - Nils dies. He is succeeded by his son Karl VI.

Matthew, King of Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor (1437-1444)

Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia - The Luxembourg Emperor Sigismund dies. Matthew succeeds him. He will often be at odds with his Hungarian nobles and he directs much of his energy there.

1438

Bohemia - The radical Taborite army is defeated at the Battle of Jesenek. This opens the way for pacification of Bohemia.

1440s

Álengiamark - After numerous revolts and minor skirmishes Álengiamark follows the Vinland model and the crown takes over all remaining pagan temple land (chiefly in the Southern Nanticoke and Chesapeake territories). As there is no second chamber in Álengiamark's Althing the land becomes the direct responsibility of the monarch opening accusations of toleration and heresy.

1443

Denmark - Elizabeth dies. Eric VIII succeeds her in the remaining territories.

Leon - Ferdinand VI dies. Alfonso X succeeds him.

1444

John II, King of Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia (1444-1478)

Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia - Matthew dies. His son John II succeeds him. However, he will never succeed in gaining the Imperial throne.

Holy Roman Empire - Frederick of Bavaria secures a relatively speedy recognition as Holy Roman Emperor (as Frederick III).

1445

Naples - James I dies. His son James II succeeds.

1446

Anglia - Lords rebel against Richard I's insistence on maintaining the Luxembourg alliance at punishing cost to Anglia's treasury.

1448

Anglia - King Richard I succumbs to fits of madness and his wife and brother form a regency over the kingdom, ending the rebellion against him.

1450s

1450

Britannia - Anglia and Man both sign the Treaty of Kalmar. They do not, however, agree to Eric VIII's overlordship.

Aragon - Joanna I dies. John III succeeds.

Holy Roman Empire - Frederick of Hapsburg is elected Emperor (as Frederick IV).

Scotland - David V dies. His cousin James IV succeeds him, restoring the House of Moray to the throne.

1451

William I, King of Anglia (1451-1486)

Anglia - Richard I dies. His brother William I succeeds.

1453

File:Jakobina II (The Kalmar Union).png

Jakobina II, Queen of Vinland (1453-1502)

Vinland - Hafdis IV dies. Jakobina II succeeds her.

France - John III dies. Louis XII succeeds.

1457

Man - Kenneth, King of Man dies, the only heir is Prince Owen, who is 2. In response, the title of High King of Ireland is abolished and Ulster, Connacht and Munster declare themselves free of Manx control.

1458

Anglia - William I oversteps his powers and several lords rebel. This will begin the wider War of the Lions which, though beginning as a civil war, will drag in Wessex, Scotland and the Kalmar Union.

1459

Man - Prince Owen dies, aged just 4. With no close relatives, Hordaland claims the throne, and sends its considerable navy into the Manx Sea to back up the claim.

Adalbjorg II, Queen of Álengiamark (1459-1463)

Álengiamark - The Bible is translated into Álengsk by Jón Irronsson. He begins work on Quiripi version but is captured and burnt at the stake in St Hafdiss for heresy.

Thyri dies. Adalbjorg II succeeds him.

1460s

1461

Tawantinland - The Álengsk explorer Bjarni Okwesson discovers the southern route into the Roasjoinn. The Okwesson Strait (OTL Straits of Magellan) are named after him.

Aragon - John III. His brother James IV succeeds.

1463

File:Elin V Alengia (The Kalmar Union).png

Elin V, Queen of Álengiamark (1463-1502)

Álengiamark - Adalbjorg II dies. Elin V succeeds.

Tawantinland - On his third voyage, Bjarni Okwesson attempts to reach the 'Southern Continent' but is forced to turn back by his crew without sighting land.

1465

Anglia - The War of the Lions is concluded.

1467

Wessex - Edward V dies. Edgar III succeeds.

Poland - The one-time king of Gothenland, Christopher Lejonbalk, dies leading a fool-hardy attempt to usurp the Polish throne.

Naples - James II dies. His brother Martin I succeeds.

1468

Gothenland - Karl VI dies. He is succeeded by Karl VII.

Scotland - James IV dies. Alexander IV succeeds him.

1469

Hordaland - Eric VI dies. Olaf VI succeeds.

1470s

1470

Leon - Alfonso X dies. His daughter Eleanor II succeeds him.

1471

Holy Roman Empire - Frederick IV dies. The imperial throne will not be filled again until 1484.

1478

Sigismund II, King of Luxembourg, Hungary, Bohemia and Anglia and Holy Roman Emperor (1478-1502)

Luxembourg, Hungary and Bohemia - John II dies. Sigismund II succeeds.

Christopher I, King of Denmark and Svealand (1478-1485)

Denmark- Eric VIII dies. Christopher I succeeds.

1480s

Hordaland - Olaf VI dies. Olaf VII succeeds.

1481

Wessex - Edgar III dies. William IV succeeds.

1482

France - Louis XII dies. His cousin Henry II of Orleanais succeeds though his claim on the throne will be challenged, repeatedly, by Auvergne.

1484

HRE - Sigismund II ends the long interregnum and is crowned Emperor in Rome on Christmas Day.

1485

Eric IX, King of Denmark, Svealand and Anglia (1485-1509)

Denmark- Christopher I dies, falling overboard, drunk, into the Øresund. Eric IX succeeds. His succession is met with a revolt in Svealand.

1486

William II, King of Anglia (1486-1493)

Anglia - William I dies. William II succeeds.

1488

Naples - Martin I dies. His son James III succeeds.

Italia - Venice annexes Fruli starting the 'Great Venetian War' which will draw in various European states.

1489

Aragon - James IV dies. John IV succeeds.

1490s

1492

Leon - Eleanor II dies. Her son Ferdinand VII succeeds her beginning the House of Aviz.

1493

Anna I, Regent of Anglia (1493-1517)

Anglia and HRE - William II dies childless. His sister Anna of Norfolk is unacceptable to the nobles of Brabant, Hainault and Zealand under the terms of Salian Law (which forbids inheritance by females). The War of Anglian Succession begins.

Eric IX of Denmark claims the throne as second cousin (but closer by blood) and begins to mobilise the Kalmar Union to regain it. Sigismund II (Duke of Luxembourg, King of Hungary, King of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor) meanwhile claims the throne as first cousin (closest male relative) and as Holy Roman Emperor hopes to bring Northern France under its authority. It is as though the [Estridssons and the Luxembourgs] have both stopped swatting the flies and are to fight the wolf at the throat instead. The fight is not an inconsiderable one. It is a struggle for the right to rule the world.

The Anglian nobles choose Eric as their preferred claimant and allow his cousin Anna of Norfolk to be regent until he can secure it.

This war will devastate much of Northern Germany, Pomerania, Bohemia and the Low Countries while bankrupting Denmark and much of the Kalmar Union.

Danish and Gothenlandic troops move South to threaten Luxembourgoise Brandenburg and ultimately Bohemia. They ally with the Luxembourg's chief rivals, the Bavarian Wittelsbachs.

Leifia - The Great Northern War.

The long shift of fur trade toward Quebec has enriched Algonquinland and created a deep seated rivalry between it and Vinland. Following a clash at Ottawa, which ends in a massacre of outlying Vinlandic trading settlements, Vinland shore forts fire on Algonquin trading ships as they enter Ontario Vatnin. The Algonquins capture Konunglegursaey after a bloody and devastating blockade, effectively splitting Vinland in two and cutting Fjallasay off from assistance. The war in Western Vinland (Hafsvaedaland) is characterised by long yearly seiges of Karontoborg and other major towns. To the East there are regular naval raids. The Passamaquoddy army strikes against Quebec but are routed at the Battle of Pohenegamook. The death of their King three months later effectively takes them out of the war and they sue for peace. Abernaki forces are similarly crushed trying to cross to the Northern shore. However, they and Six Nation allies comprehensively occupy the southern shore. Álengiamark is largely unable to assist. However, the Earl of Ontario provides supplies and also a link to keep the two halves of Vinland in contact with each other.

1494

Gothenland - Karl VII dies. Svante I succeeds.

HRE- The siege of Prague is lifted but the Imperial counterattack toward Pomerania becomes bogged down amidst Sorbian hostility. Hungarian troops devastate Wittelsbach Saxony.

1496

HRE- Leaving Pomerania to be defended by Gothenland, Denmark moves against Luxembourg itself only to be pinned down at Bremen. Meanwhile, the Wittelsbach army fails to capture Prague.

Byzantine Empire - The second to last Turkish Beylik state falls to the Imperial army. Only the small state of Turkiye remains, as a Byzantine client, but it inherits the title of 'Sultan' nonetheless.

1498

Scotland - Alexander IV dies. His son James V succeeds.

1499

Hordaland - Hordaland annexes the Faroe Islands 'protecting' them from Wessex.

The Kalmar Union Timelines

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