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200s BCE

Greek rebellion[]

The Greeks of Persia rebelled again against Persian rule in 195 BCE. However, once again, non-natives which were the descendants of slaves, defeated the rebellion.

Punic Invasion of Keltia[]

Hannibal had a plan to invade Keltia in 190 BCE This plan was ridiculous. However, Marsellia fell to Carthage by 180 BCE, by use of elephants crossing the Alps. The strange animal remains in Keltia. The war ended in total Punic victory. Carthage began to be a fear to Greeks everywhere.

Spread of Ideas[]

Persepolis, the capital of Persia, was one of the greatest cities the world has ever known. The Royal Persian Road had been expanded so much it went to Samarkand and Greece. The Royal Road was no longer one road, it was a series of roads known as the Persian Roads.

Shunga Republic[]

However, a Bharati scholar named Pusyamitra Shunga went along the Persian Roads to Persepolis in 188 BCE. He learned of a material known as papyrus, which to this day is known as shunga in Bharat. He also learned of the suffets of Carthage. He returned to Pataliputra in 182 BCE. His ideas gained from his journey threatened the dominance of the Maurya. He declared the Shunga Republic after overthrowing the Maurya in 180 BCE, ruled by a Chakravartin elected by a council known as the Lok Sabha.

Collapse of Persia[]

In 170 BCE, the Persian Empire collapsed. A series of rebellions from 178-170 BCE led to the loss of several territories, like Greece and Egypt. By 170 BCE, the Achaemenids only ruled over Mesopotamia and all land west of Mesopotamia and east of Bharat. However, they fell to Scythians to the north. Independent Greece, having seen the power of a unified state, remained unified and came into contact with the New Greek city-states and Alexandria (OTL parts of Spain). The Greek states having learned Hannibal's techniques, declared war on Carthage in 160 BCE. However, Phoenicia, also now independent from Persia, declared war on the Greek states in 156 BCE.

Greco-Phoenician War[]

The Phoenician fleet, rich through trade, invaded Ionia in 153 BCE. However, this invasion was unsuccessful. Meanwhile, a massive uprising in parts of Carthage populated with Hellenic peoples led to the loss of much of Carthage to Alexandria. Punic Keltia was disconnected with Carthage and quickly fell to Hellenic uprisings. Punic and Phoenician invasions of New Greece proved futile as Greek concrete, made of volcanic ash amongst other things, proved to withstand any attack. However, Greek concrete spread to Phoenicia and Carthage. The material made very strong buildings and the material also spread along the Persian Roads to Bharat. However, a lack of volcanic ash led to powers eventually replacing volcanic ash with lime. The war ended in 103 BCE with Alexandria gaining much of the peninsula and Keltia regaining its territory.

0s BCE

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